The priests here in this temple are unique, compared to the priests elsewhere. Here they are called Podhu Dikshithars. They act both as archakas as well as the Trustees of the temple. Men have a side bun while regular priests in other temples have a back pony. They were 3000 in number or rather 2999 with the 3000th as Lord Nataraja himself. Thus Lord Himself is considered as one of the Anthanar (Brahmin Dikshidar). They're called the Thillai Moovayiram (3000) Deekshitharkal. But now only 300 exist today. They are said to have been brought to Thillai from Mt. Kailash in North by saint Patanjali, thousands of years ago, to serve Lord Nataraja. The young ones get trained under the tutelage of their elders.
Here is a Thevaram song - "Thillai vaazh andhanar":
NANDANAR
Nandan, a farm worker, was a staunch devotee of Chidambaram Lord Nataraja and wanted to visit Chidambaram at least once during his life time. He was a farm worker belonging to a lower cast and was denied entry by the upper cast men who dominated the temple. His master, also an upper cast, did not allow him permission to visit the temple on one guise or other. He used to inform all his co-workers that he will go tomorrow and this became a daily routine. He was used to be called "Thiru Naalai Povaar", the one who would go tomorrow.
Due to persistence from Nandan, one day the master told him that he can go to Chidambaram, but only after he completes the harvest in this season. Nandan was completely shattered since the season has not even begun and it would take several months to get the crops harvested. He was drenched in tears that he could not visit the Chidambaram temple immediately. He swooned and fell on the barren fields. Next morning to his surprise and to the surprise of all people, including the master, it was found that the extensive farm land was full of rice plants, ready to harvest immediately. People were thrilled and the master realised this was purely an act of God. He fell on Nandan's feet and begged his forgiveness and immediately made all arrangements for his visit to the temple along with few more workmen.
Nandan had to face the ire of the temple priests who did not allow him inside. They heard about what happened in the field and did not believe it. They demanded that Nandan should yet again prove himself by bathing in fire. They created a huge fire and asked Nanadan to get into it and come out unscathed, if he has to see the Lord. Nandan did so and came out with glittering golden shine. All the caste Hindus were simply dumb founded and fell at his feet. He was named as "Nandanar", the saint, and they led him to the sanctum Sanctorum, where he was said to have disappeared by mingling with the Lord.
Let us listen to the song on Nanadanar:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCS71yTNDMo
Sthala Viruksham, Thillai Tree.
Thousand years ago, Chidambaram town was a thick forest of Thillai Trees, which grows in salt waters. Even today the outskirts of the town is flush with mangroves swamps, containing the Thillai trees, though now reduced to a few in numbers, sparingly visible here and there in the Pichavaram forest range. The Tree has lent its name to the town, which is also known as Thillai Ambalam. The botanical name of the tree species is "Excoecaria", belonging to the "Euphorbiaceae" family.
The Five Sabhais of Lord Nataraja
All living and non-living beings on this universe are uniformly dynamic and the basic structure of all the beings on earth are one and the same, the atom. Only the number of sub-atomic particles differ, but nevertheless these particles are ever dancing within the atom. If one is aware of this wonder, one can understand the uniform structure of all beings, which ultimately leads to the Advaida philosophy that everything is one Brahman. The Natarajar image is thus an unifying symbol and is aptly exhibited in the CERN laboratories in Switzerland, where scientists are trying to identify the basic component of the atom and are hopeful of solving the mystery.
Historians have come forward with a structural theory that the microcosm, which refers to the human beings and other living organisms, is analogous to the macrocosm, referring to the planetary outer space in cosmos. They felt that both are of same design, made of same set of elementary particles but are different in complexity and composition. The building blocks are made of same fundamental particles, interacting through various forces and moving continuously like an endless dance. The entire universe is thus ceaselessly engaged in cosmic dance with enormous amount of energy and the particles of atom interact with each other to form various objects visible to us. The creation and destruction thus happens continuously. Higgs boson is often called God Particle because it is said to be the
one that caused the Big bang and that created our Universe millions of years ago. A big bang is a destruction to nothing and the Universe is created back again from that nothing.
According to the Scientist Capra “Modern physics has shown that the rhythm of creation and destruction is not only manifest in turn of the seasons and in the birth and death of all living creatures, but is also the very essence of inorganic matter”. The cosmic dance is not a random motion but it is beautifully choreographed movement by law of nature. Nothing in the universe has been created but only transformed from one form to another. So creation and destruction is only a transformation.
Lord Nataraja’s dance forms have 108 variations or dance poses. Here we need to mention the similarity with Mendeleev’s Periodic Table of elements. He predicted the properties of most of these elements even though these elements were not discovered at that time. He predicted the number of “stable” elements to be limited to 108 maximum, excluding some of the radio-active elements, which are not stable. Yet another similarity is found when we note that the number of devas and asuras who churned the Milky Ocean during Samudra Mandan were 64 each, adding up to 108. It was this Samudra Mandan which lead to creation of celestial bodies like Maha Lakshmi, earth, flora and fauna, metals. Is it possible that the dance of Nataraja represents the creation of everything our cosmos and earth are made of.
The Outer circular frame around the Nataraja image contains many flares of fire blowing in outward direction, which is in consonance with the “red-shift” theory propounded by modern cosmologists, including Edwin Hubble, according to which, the universe is continuously expanding outwards. There is also conformity with respect to Einstein’s theory that the universe is finite (and not infinitely vast), as shown by the circular boundary around Lord Nataraja. There is also a symbolic representation of the empty space within the special boundaries, signifying the vast emptiness in the universe.
Lord Nataraja is also associated with the String Theory of Einstein. When dealing with the concept on creation, the Hindu texts refer to Brahma Sutra or “Oli Nool” (Tamil) which say that creation started with sound vibrations from “OHM”, a rhythmic pulsation, as well as light form of “OHM”. Sutra in Sanskrit or “Nool” in Tamil also literally mean a thread or a string. A vibrating thread of consciousness refers to the dance of Shiva. Nataraja holds Light (fire) in one hand and Damaru (primordial sound) in the other hand indicating the start of creation or the beginning of fourth dimension, Time. The process of creation evolves from the dance as light then sound evolves from light and then all the visual and aural forms in this universe. Both creation and destruction are represented by Nataraja’s leg position. Creation is when His left leg is shifted to the right side and destruction happens when his right leg is shifted to the left side.
Adi Sesha, the thousand headed snake, is said to survive the end of time or Kaala, after the pralaya. At the beginning of creation, this snake is said to hold all the remaining karma of all the souls. “Sesham”, in Sanskrit, means that which is “left-over”. Adi Sesha therefore refers to the left-over karma from previous creation. The snake thus represent time. When creation begins, time begins too. The snake “Vasuki” which adorns Lord Nataraja is a representation of time. The snake move in various directions in different speeds on Lord Nataraja’s imagery, which is in resonance with Einstein’s theory of relativity of time.

Click here to hear the premordial sonics of the universe:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BlBL186ABe0
The Lord is fond of using his Udukkai (Damaru), a percussion instrument, as a symbol of creation following destruction. This is followed even today in Tamilnadu during funderal rites to use "Parai", a percussion instrument during "Savu Kutthu", death dance. People celebrate the death, especially of elders, and believe they will raise up again somewhere else.
"Tapatam" is yet another way to celebrate creation and you can listen to a lovely rendering of such tapatam in the following link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvCu8W79qDM
The Chidambaram temple is well known for resembling the Human body structure, with 20,600 golden tiles on the roof of Ponnambalam (the no. of breaths in a day), attached with 72,000 threads, resembling the veins in the body, and the nine kumbhas on top of the golden roof resembling the nine openings in human body. The five pillars on the frnt of Chit Sabhai resembles the five senses. The five silver covers steps leading to Sactum sanctorium representing the five-syllabelled mantra: "Na Ma Si Va Ya". Shiva is present as Nada bindu and without form in the Sri Chakram in the sanctum.
The Idol of Lord Nataraja faces South direction in Chidambaram, which is unusual in any Shiva temple, where the idol faces either East or West only. It is no wonder that the Lord, who performs the Uzhi Thandavam, the dance of destruction faces South, the direction of Yama, the Lord of Death. The same is followed in most of the temples, where the idol of Lord Nataraja, if available, is generally kept facing South.
Thirumoolar states that man represents the shape of Shivalingam, which represents Chidambaram which represents Sadashivam which represents HIS dance!
"Ponnambalam" is placed slightly tilted towards the left. This represents our Heart. To reach this, we need to climb 5 steps called "Panchatshara padi". Ponnambalam has 28 pillars denoting the 28 "Ahamas"as well as the 28 methods to worship Lord Shiva. These 28 pillars support 64 +64 Roof Beams which denote the 64 Arts.The cross beams represent the Blood Vessels running across the Human body. The 6 pillars at the Artha Mantapa represent the 6 types of Sashtras. The 18 pillars in the adjacant Mantapa represents 18 Puranams. The granite plinth of the shrine is called Parvadam, because it does duty for Mount Kailasa in providing a support for Lord Shiva. On all special occasions puja or worship is performed to this plinth.
Where we now find this beautiful and ancient temple, was once an impenetrable forest of Thillai trees, which is a kind of mangrove. This forest gave Chidambaram its firs and most ancient name, Tillai. Within this sprawling forest was a lotus pond, and at the southern bank of this pond existed a Svayambhu Linga. A linga is a representation of Lord Shiva which unites both the concepts of Form as well as of Formless in itself. To this lotus pond in the Thillai forest came two saints, named Vyagrapada and Patanjali. They came from very different backgrounds and from very different directions, but they came for the same reason: to witness Shiva’s Cosmic Dance. It had been foretold to them that if they would worship the linga on the bank of the lotus pond in the forest, Lord Shiva would come to perform His Dance.
Nataraja dances the cosmos into existence, upholds its existence, and dances it
out of existence. The Lord veils existence with illusion so that it is seen as real,
and, dancing, he removes the veil. The raised leg of the dancer shows the
liberating freedom of his dance, the drum raised by the right hand sounds the
note of creation, the flame in the left hand flickers in the change brought about
by destruction, the right hand grants freedom from fear, the fear of repeated
births and deaths, and assures the maintenance of life.
It is now scientifically agreed that Lord Nataraj's big toe is the centre point of the magnetic equator of the Earth. Chidambaram lies in the southeastern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The place is situated very close to the magnetic point of equator. Its angle is 1.75o N. Besides, the coordinates of this place is 8.73 minutes N 77.7 minutes E. And this is the reason Chidambaram is supposedly considered to be the geomagnetic center of the Earth, Universe, and Geo magnetic equator.
Nataraja dances the cosmos into existence, upholds its existence, and dances it
out of existence. The Lord veils existence with illusion so that it is seen as real,
and, dancing, he removes the veil. The raised leg of the dancer shows the
liberating freedom of his dance, the drum raised by the right hand sounds the
note of creation, the flame in the left hand flickers in the change brought about
by destruction, the right hand grants freedom from fear, the fear of repeated
births and deaths, and assures the maintenance of life.
Well. We have reached the end of this blog. See you in my next. Till then stay blessed.